Definition, Betydelse, Synonymer & Anagram | Engelska ordet CENTROMERE

Definition av CENTROMERE

1. (cellbiologi) centromer

Exempel på hur du använder CENTROMERE i en mening

• The physical role of the centromere is to act as the site of assembly of the kinetochores – a highly complex multiprotein structure that is responsible for the actual events of chromosome segregation – i.
• A karyogram or idiogram is a graphical depiction of a karyotype, wherein chromosomes are generally organized in pairs, ordered by size and position of centromere for chromosomes of the same size.
• A sister chromatid is either one of the two chromatids of the same chromosome joined together by a common centromere.
• In the 1950s, Barbara McClintock first observed DNA transposition and illustrated the functions of the centromere and telomere at the Cold Spring Harbor Symposium.
• The kinetochore assembles on the centromere and links the chromosome to microtubule polymers from the mitotic spindle during mitosis and meiosis.
• Robertsonian translocations can only occur between chromosomes which have the centromere very close to one end.
• Paracentric inversions do not include the centromere, and both breakpoints occur in one arm of the chromosome.
• C terminus - Can f 1 - cancer - candidate gene - Canonical sequence - cap - cap site - carbon-monoxide dehydrogenase (cytochrome b-561) - carboxyl terminus - carcinoma - carnitine dehydratase - carrier - carveol dehydrogenase - Catalog of MCA Control Patterns - CAT assay - CAT RNA-binding domain - catalase-related immune-responsive domain - CCAAT box - Cd2+-exporting ATPase - cDNA - cDNA clone - cDNA library - CDP-acylglycerol O-arachidonoyltransferase - cell - centimorgan - centromere - chain terminator - channel-conductance-controlling ATPase - chaperone protein - chlordecone reductase - chloroplast protein-transporting ATPase - cholestanetriol 26-monooxygenase - cholesterol 7alpha-monooxygenase - chromosome - chromosomal translocation - chromosome walking - CIROP gene - CIS - cistron - clone (genetics) - clone (noun) - clone (verb) - cloning - CmERG1 - coding sequence - coding strand - codon - codon usage bias - competent - complementary - conformational epitope - congenital - consensus sequence - conservative substitution - conserved - contig - coproporphyrinogen dehydrogenase - cortisone alpha-reductase - cosmid - costunolide synthase - CpG - craniosynostosis - crp domain - Cu2+-exporting ATPase - cyclodeaminase domain - cyclohexanol dehydrogenase - cystic fibrosis - cytogenetic map - cytosine -.
• sSMC's occur in ring or centric minute (linear with a central centromere) shapes, may contain inverted repeats of its genetic material, and may be an isochromosome.
• Isochromosomes can be created during mitosis and meiosis through a misdivision of the centromere or U-type strand exchange.
• Subtelomeres are considered to be the most distal (farthest from the centromere) region of unique DNA on a chromosome, and they are unusually dynamic and variable mosaics of multichromosomal blocks of sequence.
• This occurs by bridging DSN1 kinetochore proteins to sister kinetochores within the centromere to physically fuse them and allow for the microtubules to pull each homolog toward opposite mitotic spindles.
• Ab10 differs from the normal chromosome 10 by the presence of a 150-base pair heterochromatic region called 'knob', which functions as a centromere during division (hence called 'neocentromere') and moves to the spindle poles faster than the centromeres during meiosis I and II.
• Because the centromere is the point of attachment for the mitotic apparatus, acentric fragments are not evenly distributed to the daughter cells in cell division (mitosis and meiosis).
• A sister chromatid refers to the identical copies (chromatids) formed by the DNA replication of a chromosome, with both copies joined together by a common centromere.
• In addition to the centromere, one or more secondary constrictions can be observed in some chromosomes at metaphase.
• It is formed through the fusion of two chromosome segments, each with a centromere, resulting in the loss of acentric fragments (lacking a centromere) and the formation of dicentric fragments.
• In 2012, a genetic explanation for the high instability and persistence of the Olduvai-containing regions was put forward: it was found that the HLS Olduvai domains had been affected by a known pericentric inversion (in which the region around a chromosome's centromere inverts) that occurred between 1p11.
• His lab was the first to clone an active TE from plants (1982); to show that classic disease resistance genes in plants are both recombinationally unstable and cell autonomous (1988); to use DNA probes from one grass species to map another genome (maize, sorghum), demonstrating genetic collinearity (1990); to show that DNA TEs preferentially insert into hypomethylated DNAs in or near genes (1995); to demonstrate that the majority of plant genomes is composed of LTR-retrotransposons (1996); to show the microcolinearity of plant genomes (1997), and the nature/rate/origin of exceptions to microcolinearity (1999); to explain the timing and mode of both plant genome expansion (1998) and contraction (2002); to show that plant centromeres are hot spots for recombination but not crossing over (2006); to show apparent site-directed recombination in plants (at a disease resistance gene) (2008); to use centromere gain/loss to determine the origin of plant chromosomes (in maize) (2012); to demonstrate a nuclear gain in a teosinte of about 2 Gb of DNA by TE amplification in less than 2 million years (2013); to demonstrate that errors in mismatch base repair may be the most common origin of DNA double strand breaks in plants (2014); to demonstrate domestication-associated changes in root and rhizosphere microbiomes (2018); and to develop the first universal technique to date the origins of allopolyploidy (2020).
• RITS was discovered in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, and has been shown to be involved in the initiation and spreading of heterochromatin in the mating-type region and in centromere formation.

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