Anagram & Information om | Engelska ordet STAPEDIAL

Exempel på hur man kan använda STAPEDIAL i en mening

• The acoustic reflex (also known as the stapedius reflex, stapedial reflex, auditory reflex, middle-ear-muscle reflex (MEM reflex, MEMR), attenuation reflex, cochleostapedial reflex or intra-aural reflex) is an involuntary muscle contraction that occurs in the middle ear in response to loud sound stimuli or when the person starts to vocalize.
• There, he was the first to demonstrate physiologically that the innervation of the tensor tympani muscle was by the trigeminal nerve and that the innervation of the stapedial muscle was by the facial nerve.
• The following are possible shared derived features of Plesiadapiformes: maxillary-frontal contact in orbit, the presence of a suboptic foramen, an ossified external auditory meatus, the absence of a promontory artery, the absence of a stapedial artery, and a strong mastoid tubercle.
• The stapedial artery passes through the ring of the stapes and divides into supraorbital, infraorbital, and mandibula branches which follow the three divisions of the trigeminal nerve.
• The annular stapedial ligament (also called the stapediovestibular joint) is a ring of fibrous soft tissue that connects the base of the stapes to the oval window of the inner ear.
• Morphologically, Hesperolemur is distinct from other notharctine taxa in having a partially fused ectotympanic anulus in the auditory bulla, no stapedial artery, and no lower molar paraconids.
• The inferior ramus has been lost in strepsirhines while the stem of the stapedial artery has been reduced in haplorhines.
• The lamella and stapedial groove are unknown in any other groups, although they are present in practically every rhinesuchid (except Broomistega, which lacks a lamella).
• 2015 listed the following unambiguous character states for the genus: "Dorsal exposure of prefrontal confined to preorbital segment of frontal; preorbital segment of frontal narrow, sloping anteroventrally; frontal preorbital borders subparallel with each other; interorbital emargination present; frontal lateral border forming a step-like junction between preorbital and interorbital segments; apex of posterodorsal triangular plateau on frontal reaching level of interorbital constriction; frontal articulation facet for postorbitofrontal squareshaped in outline; parietal postorbital process dorsally not separated by ridge from parietal table; and stapedial meatus parallel-sided".
• The infrastapedial and suprastapedial processes of the quadrate are fused, possessing a very large and rounded stapedial fossa, the latter being one of the autapomorphies of the species.
• Unambiguous character states were listed as follows: "predental rostrum absent; premaxilla-maxilla suture ends anterior to or level with the midline of the fourth maxillary tooth; nearly straight frontoparietal suture; quadrate alar concavity shallow; elongated stapedial pit (at least three times longer than wide); quadrate distal condyle saddle-shaped, upward deflection of quadrate distal condyle absent; mandibular glenoid formed mainly by articular; cervical synapophyses extend below ventral border of centrum; dorsoventrally compressed centra in precaudal vertebrae; two sacrals with large ribs/transverse processes subcircular/oval in cross-section; facet for ilium on tip of sacral transverse processes; very elongated (two times longer than wide) pontosaur-like caudal centra; anteroposteriorly narrow scapula; ilium with posterior iliac process with compressed dorsal end bearing longitudinal grooves and ridges, and spoon-shaped preacetabular process overlapping the pubis".

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